Simulado Inglês 2

(ENEM MEC/2022)

How little we know of what there is to know. I wish that I were going to live a long time instead of going to die today because I have learned much about life in these four days; more, I think than in all other time. I’d like to be an old man to really know. I wonder if you keep on learning or if there is only a certain amount each man can understand. I thought I knew so many things that I know nothing of. I wish there was more time.
HEMINGWAY, E. For Whom the Bells Toll. Madison, Wisconsin: Demco Media, 1995.

Nessa passagem de um clássico de Ernest Hemingway, o narrador

(ENEM MEC/2022)

We walked on, the stranger walking with us. Taylor Franklin Bankole. Our last names an instant bond between us. We’re both descended from men who assumed African surnames back during the 1960s. His father and my grandfather had had their names legally changed, and both had chosen Yoruba replacement names.
“Most people chose Swahili names in the ’60s”, Bankole told me. He wanted to be called Bankole. “My father had to do something different. All his life he had to be dif ferent”.
“I don’t know my grandfather’s reasons”, I said. “His last name was Broome before he changed it, and that was no loss’. But why he chose Olamina…? Even my father didn’t know. He made the change before my father was born, so my father was always Olamina, and so were we.
BUTLER, O. E. Parable of the Sower. New York: Hachette, 2019 (adaptado).

Nesse trecho do romance Parable of the Sower, os nomes “Bankole” e “Olamina” representam o(a)

(UFU MG/2023)

As organ transplant science advances, its biggest hurdles are increasingly logistical ones—such as securing a flight and navigating through traffic fast enough to deliver an organ before it deteriorates. Enter the drone, for which researchers recently documented a milestone test in Science Robotics. After hundreds of practice flights, their drone carried a human donor lung on a five-minute journey from the roof of Toronto Western Hospital to Toronto General Hospital for a successful transplant. The trip can take 25 minutes by road. This study suggests that drone delivery “may have a unique opportunity for organs like hearts and lungs that can tolerate less time on ice,” says Joseph Scalea, a transplant surgeon now at Medical University of South Carolina, who was not involved in the study. In 2019 his team at the University of Maryland made a groundbreaking drone delivery of a kidney—an organ that can survive 24 hours if packed in ice. Lungs and hearts last for less than half that long.
The team enhanced the drone’s connectivity so radio frequencies wouldn’t interfere with its GPS and installed a parachute set to open automatically in case of midair malfunction.
Disponível em: https://www.nationalgeographic.com. Acesso em: 2 abr. 2023.

According to the text, what can be said about drones and transplants?

(UFU MG/2023)

For the past two years, Paul Edmonds has been part of an extremely exclusive club with a membership that has reached five people. After navigating HIV for more than 30 years, along with a leukemia diagnosis that came in 2018, a life-saving stem cell transplant became available thanks to a donor who had a rare genetic mutation that makes the body resistant to most strains of HIV. In 2021, Edmonds stopped taking his HIV medication, which he had been dependent on for almost half his life. Today, the 67-year-old who lives in Desert Hot Springs, California, is the fifth person in the world in remission of HIV. Edmonds joins four others who have received similar news, including the late Palm Springs resident Timothy Ray Brown (who was known as the “Berlin Patient”), the first person cured of the virus, who died from a reoccurrence of cancer in 2020. Others include “London Patient” Adam Castillejo, “Düsseldorf Patient” Marc Franke, and the “New York Patient,” the first woman to be considered cured who has not come forth publicly. Edmonds is the eldest and had HIV the longest. After two years of being anonymously known as the “City of Hope Patient,” Edmonds decided to publicly come forward with his story. By sharing his journey, he wants to advocate for and offer hope to those living and aging with HIV that a cure could be possible one day.
Disponível em: https://www.usatoday.com. Acesso em: 30 abr. 2023.

Considering this text about HIV infection, it is incorrect to state that

(UFU MG/2023)

Many of us react to stressful situations by drinking too much coffee, sleeping too much or not enough, or overeating (to meet this story’s deadline, for instance, I had yogurt, four cookies, and a ton of grapes). As it turns out, several wild animals also experience physical reactions to stress. The main challenges faced by wild animals are whether they’ll find enough food or whether they become someone else’s food. But sometimes, it’s people that cause the trauma. For instance, a new study shows the rare Colorado checkered whiptail lizard stress-eats in response to noise. Part of their habitat includes the Fort Carson Army Base, where low-flying aircraft regularly produce sounds louder than what they’d experience naturally. After observing some of the wild reptiles and taking their blood, the scientists found that during flyovers, the lizards released more of the stress hormone cortisol, as well as moved less and ate more. Eating more likely compensated for the energy lost while experiencing stress, the authors say.
Sleep, for all mammals, is key—and not having enough can be harmful. Sleep deprivation, a form of stress, can elicit increased eating in humans and some non-human animals alike. In lab studies, fruit flies subjected to social isolation slept less and ate more, and sleep-deprived mice ate more during their recovery. Some butterflies that don’t get enough rest forage poorly and lay their eggs on the wrong types of plants. If some bee species don’t get enough sleep, they’ll perform their waggle dances, the bee equivalent of GPS, “with a less precise direction component,” giving their spectators less helpful information on where to find food.
Disponível em: https://www.nationalgeographic.com. Acesso em: 29 abr. 2023.

Tome como base o texto acima e analise as afirmativas abaixo.

I. Animais estressados podem se atacar mutuamente em decorrência de situações de estresse.
II. A ausência de sono pode estimular a necessidade de comer mais em humanos e animais.
III. Abelhas em estresse podem perder a habilidade de indicar a localização correta de alimentos.
IV. Borboletas, ainda que subalimentadas, continuam pondo seus ovos nos locais adequados.
V. Até mesmo a mosca da fruta está sujeita aos impactos do ambiente e entrar em estresse.

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta apenas afirmativas corretas.